Venous Thromboembolism

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a term used to describe a group of conditions that include deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). It is a serious medical condition that can cause disability and even death. It occurs when a blood clot forms in a vein, usually in the lower extremities, and travels through the bloodstream to the lungs, where it becomes lodged and blocks the flow of blood, leading to potentially fatal complications. Risk factors for VTE include having a family history of the condition, being overweight or obese, smoking, leading a sedentary lifestyle, taking certain medications such as hormones, having cancer or other medical conditions, and undergoing surgery or other medical procedures. VTE is diagnosed through medical imaging tests such as ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) scans, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Treatment typically involves taking anticoagulant medications to reduce the risk of additional blood clots. Surgery may be needed in some cases to remove the clot or to repair a damaged blood vessel. Preventing VTE is important, and includes lifestyle modifications such as exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, and not smoking. Additionally, people who are at high risk for VTE may need to take anticoagulant medications or wear compression stockings to help reduce their risk.