Sperm Count

Sperm count is an important measure of male fertility. It is a measure of the concentration of sperm in a man’s ejaculate, or semen. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines a normal sperm count as a concentration of at least 15 million sperm per milliliter of ejaculate. A low sperm count, also known as oligospermia, is defined as less than 15 million sperm per milliliter of ejaculate. Sperm count can be affected by various factors, such as lifestyle choices, genetic factors, and medical conditions. Lifestyle choices such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and drug use can have a negative effect on sperm count. Genetic factors, such as chromosomal abnormalities, can also affect sperm count. Medical conditions, such as varicocele, a condition where the veins around the testicles become enlarged, can also lead to a low sperm count. In addition to lifestyle factors, environmental factors such as exposure to environmental toxins, radiation, or heat can also affect sperm count. Studies have suggested that high temperatures, such as those in hot tubs or saunas, can lead to a decrease in sperm count. Treatment of a low sperm count depends on the underlying cause. Lifestyle changes, such as quitting smoking and reducing alcohol or drug use, may help improve sperm count. In cases of varicocele, surgery may be needed to correct the condition. In cases of environmental factors, such as exposure to toxins or radiation, treatment may involve avoiding the source of the toxin or radiation. In cases where the cause of the low sperm count is unknown, fertility medications may be used to increase sperm count.