Rectocele

A rectocele is a condition in which the rectum drops down and protrudes into the back wall of the vagina. It occurs when the rectovaginal septum, the sheet of connective tissue that separates the rectum from the vagina, weakens and collapses. This can cause a bulge in the back wall of the vagina, which can be felt during a pelvic exam. Other symptoms of a rectocele include difficulty passing stools, constipation, and a feeling of fullness in the rectal area. Rectoceles may be caused by childbirth, straining during bowel movements, aging, or a prior surgery. Women who are obese, have had multiple vaginal deliveries, or have weakened pelvic floor muscles are at higher risk for developing a rectocele. Treatment for a rectocele can involve lifestyle modifications such as increasing fiber intake and drinking more water, pelvic floor exercises, and medications to soften stools and reduce constipation. Severe cases may require surgery to correct the rectocele. The surgery is usually performed through the vagina and involves the placement of a mesh to reinforce the weakened rectovaginal septum and restore the normal position of the rectum. In most cases, rectoceles can be managed successfully with lifestyle modifications and/or minimally invasive procedures. It is important to follow up with a healthcare provider to ensure the condition does not worsen.