Melanoma

Melanoma is a type of skin cancer that develops in the cells known as melanocytes. These cells produce the pigment melanin, which gives the skin its color. Melanoma typically begins in a mole or other dark spot on the skin, but it can also form in other areas, such as the eyes or mouth. It is the most serious type of skin cancer and can spread to other parts of the body if left untreated. Risk factors for melanoma include fair skin, a family history of the disease, a weakened immune system, and excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning beds. People who have many moles and large moles are also at an increased risk. When detected early, melanoma can be treated effectively. Regularly performing self-skin exams and seeing a dermatologist for annual skin exams are important for early detection. If melanoma is found, the doctor may perform a biopsy, in which a sample of the tissue is removed for further testing. Treatment for melanoma usually involves surgical removal of the tumor, sometimes in combination with radiation or chemotherapy. It is important to protect yourself from the sun and practice regular self-skin exams to detect any changes in your skin. The earlier melanoma is detected, the better the chances of successful treatment.