Ectopic Pregnancy

Ectopic pregnancy is a pregnancy that occurs outside of the uterus, usually in the fallopian tube. It is a potentially life-threatening condition, and can cause severe abdominal pain and bleeding. Early diagnosis and treatment are critical to ensure that the mother and baby are safe and well. Ectopic pregnancies occur when a fertilized egg implants itself outside of the uterus. This can happen in the fallopian tubes, ovaries, cervix, or abdomen. The fertilized egg usually travels through the fallopian tubes, but if it is blocked or damaged, it may get stuck in the tube and begin to grow. The most common symptom of ectopic pregnancy is abdominal pain, usually on one side. Other symptoms include vaginal bleeding, lightheadedness, and nausea. If the tube ruptures, a woman may experience sharp pain and heavy bleeding. Diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy is usually done through a pelvic exam, blood tests, and an ultrasound. If the diagnosis is confirmed, treatment is usually either medication (methotrexate) or surgery. With medication, the pregnancy is terminated and the ectopic tissue is dissolved or absorbed. With surgery, the ectopic pregnancy is removed.