Delayed Puberty

Delayed puberty is the term used to describe when a person does not experience physical changes of puberty at the expected age, typically defined as the age of 13-14 in females and 14-16 in males. Delayed puberty can have a range of causes, including medical, genetic, and environmental. It can also be a symptom of an underlying medical condition. A delay in puberty may be caused by a medical condition, such as a hypothalamic disorder, pituitary gland disorder, or a chromosomal abnormality. Hypothalamic disorders include conditions such as Prader-Willi syndrome, Kallmann Syndrome, and Turner Syndrome. Pituitary gland disorders can be caused by a tumor or other condition and can affect the production of hormones needed for puberty. Chromosomal abnormalities can also cause delayed puberty, such as Klinefelter Syndrome, 47,XYY syndrome, and Turner Syndrome. Genetic factors can also play a role in delayed puberty. A family history of delayed puberty, as well as certain genetic variants, can increase the risk of delayed puberty. Environmental factors can also contribute to delayed puberty. These can include malnutrition or undernutrition, which can stunt growth and delay the onset of puberty. Stress can also play a role in delaying puberty, as well as certain chronic medical conditions such as diabetes and cystic fibrosis. Diagnosis of delayed puberty is usually made through physical examination, as well as laboratory tests such as hormone level tests, chromosomal analysis, and genetic testing. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and can include hormone replacement therapy, genetic counseling, and lifestyle modifications.