Cervical Cancer

Cervical cancer is a type of cancer that develops in the cells of the cervix, which is the lower part of the uterus that opens into the vagina. Most cases of cervical cancer are caused by a virus known as human papillomavirus (HPV). The early stages of cervical cancer often have no symptoms. As the cancer progresses, symptoms may include abnormal vaginal bleeding, pain or discharge. To diagnose cervical cancer, doctors may use a Pap smear test to look for abnormal cells or an HPV test to identify the presence of the HPV virus. Treatment options for cervical cancer depend on the stage and may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these treatments. Early detection is key for successful treatment, so regular check-ups with a gynecologist are recommended. Other preventative measures include getting vaccinated against HPV, using condoms, and avoiding smoking.