Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a complication of fertility treatments involving the stimulation of the ovaries. It is caused by the release of excessive amounts of hormones during fertility treatments, such as human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) or luteinizing hormone (LH). OHSS can affect both women undergoing fertility treatments and those who have not had any fertility treatments. Signs and symptoms of OHSS may include abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, rapid weight gain, shortness of breath, and feeling lightheaded or dizzy. In severe cases, OHSS can cause fluid to accumulate in the abdomen and chest, resulting in a swollen abdomen, difficulty breathing, and decreased urine output. OHSS is usually self-limiting and resolves within a few days or weeks, however, in severe cases, it can be life-threatening and require hospitalization. Treatment of OHSS depends on the severity of the symptoms, but typically includes bed rest, intravenous fluids, and medications to help reduce the symptoms.