Dysmenorrhoea

Dysmenorrhoea, also known as painful periods, is a common condition experienced by women of reproductive age. It is characterized by severe cramping in the lower abdomen and pelvic region, which can last for several days. Dysmenorrhoea can be primary or secondary in nature. Primary dysmenorrhoea is a condition that occurs in the absence of any underlying pathology and is associated with the release of certain prostaglandins, which are hormones that regulate the contraction of the uterus. Secondary dysmenorrhoea is caused by an underlying medical condition, such as endometriosis, pelvic inflammatory disease, uterine fibroids, or ovarian cysts. The most common symptom of dysmenorrhoea is pain in the lower abdomen, which can range from mild to severe. Other symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, fatigue, and headaches. In some cases, the pain may be so severe that it interferes with daily activities. Treatment for dysmenorrhoea depends on the type and severity of the condition. Mild cases can often be managed with over-the-counter pain medications, such as ibuprofen or naproxen. For more severe cases, prescription medications such as oral contraceptives or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may be prescribed. In some cases, hormonal treatment or surgery may be necessary. It is important to see your doctor if you are experiencing symptoms of dysmenorrhoea, as it may be a sign of an underlying medical condition. With proper diagnosis and treatment, dysmenorrhoea can be managed effectively.