Title : Clinical spectrum and management outcomes in molar pregnancy: A Single-centre retrospective study
Abstract:
Background: Molar pregnancy, a subset of gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD), results from abnormal fertilization and can present with a spectrum ranging from asymptomatic early pregnancy loss to life-threatening complications. Early diagnosis and appropriate follow-up are essential for preventing progression to gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN).
Objectives: To evaluate the clinical presentation, diagnostic modalities, treatment outcomes, and complications in patients diagnosed with molar pregnancy in a tertiary care center.
Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Dr. S.N. Medical College, Jodhpur, from [Start Date] to [End Date]. Data were collected from patient records diagnosed with molar pregnancy based on clinical, sonographic, and histopathological findings. Parameters analyzed included age, parity, clinical symptoms, serum β-hCG levels, ultrasound findings, treatment given, and follow-up outcomes.
Results: A total of XX patients were included. The most common presenting symptom was vaginal bleeding (YY%), followed by excessive uterine size and hyperemesis gravidarum. Ultrasound showed the classical “snowstorm” appearance in ZZ% of cases. Histopathological analysis revealed XX cases of complete mole and YY cases of partial mole.
Suction evacuation was performed in all cases, with β-hCG monitored postoperatively. No cases progressed to GTN during the 6-month follow-up. All patients responded well to initial management.
Conclusion: Early diagnosis using clinical signs, β-hCG, and ultrasonography plays a vital role in reducing complications of molar pregnancy. Regular follow-up with serial β-hCG monitoring is essential to detect persistence or malignancy. Education and awareness are critical to early presentation and management.
Keywords: molar pregnancy, gestational trophoblastic disease, β-hCG, ultrasound, complete mole, partial mole
