Title : The effect of cigarette smoke exposure on vitamin D levels and biochemical parameters of mothers and neonates
Abstract:
The primary objective of this study was to assess the impact of passive smoking during pregnancy on vitamin D levels and related biochemical indices in mothers and newborns. This research aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the adverse effects of cigarette smoke exposure on both mother and child. One hundred eight pregnant women and their newborns participated in a historical cohort study, divided into two equal groups (n = 54) with and without cigarette smoke exposure. Maternal blood and urine samples, along with umbilical cord blood samples, were collected in the delivery room. Concentrations of 25-hydroxy vitamin D and related biochemical indices in maternal and cord blood samples were measured. Exposure to cigarette smoke was assessed via questionnaires, as well as maternal urine and umbilical cord serum cotinine levels.
The mean level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D in maternal serum was 9.28 ± 5.19 ng/ml in the exposed group and 10.75 ± 5.26 ng/ml in the non-exposed group (p > 0.05). The mean concentration of 25-hydroxy vitamin D in cord serum was 10.83 ± 6.68 ng/ml in the exposed group and 11.05 ± 4.99 ng/ml in the non-exposed group (p > 0.05). Exposed mothers had significantly higher parathyroid hormone levels (p = 0.013), lower serum calcium (p = 0.024), and higher serum alkaline phosphatase (p = 0.024). There was a significant correlation between maternal and umbilical cord serum 25- hydroxyvitamin D levels in both exposed and non-exposed groups (p < 0.001). In conclusion, maternal exposure to cigarette smoke during pregnancy negatively influences serum calcium levels and increases parathyroid hormone and alkaline phosphatase levels in mothers.
Audience Take Away:
- The results of this study will help identify factors that cause vitamin D deficiency and its related indices in mothers and newborns, including exposure to cigarette smoke.
- Additionally, it will help reduce the complications caused by vitamin D deficiency in mothers and newborns.
- Community-wide and family education on the dangers of exposure to cigarette smoke and prevention of exposure at home and in the workplace will help improve the health of mothers, newborns, and children during pregnancy and the perinatal period.
